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Muhammad Speaks
''Muhammad Speaks'', now known as the ''Muslim Journal'',〔Lincoln, C. Eric (1994), ''The Black Muslims in America'', Third Edition, William B. (Grand Rapids, Michigan: Eerdmans Publishing Company), p. 275.〕 was one of the most widely read newspapers ever produced by an African-American organization. It was the official journal of the Nation of Islam under Elijah Muhammad. After Muhammad's death it was renamed several times. A number of rival journals were also published, claiming to continue the message of the original.
==Origins==
Nation of Islam leader Elijah Muhammad began the publication on May 1960.〔Lincoln (1994), ''The Black Muslims in America'', p. 127.〕〔Edward E. Curtis, ''Islam in Black America: identity, liberation, and difference in African-American Islamic thought'', SUNY Press, 2002, p. 74.〕 Its first issue bore the title ''Some of this Earth to Call Our Own or Else''. A weekly publication, it was distributed nationwide by the N.O.I. and covered current events around the world as well as relevant news in African-American communities, especially items concerning the Nation of Islam itself.
The paper was sold door-to-door and on street corners by Nation of Islam members (Fruit of Islam), at select newsstands in major cities and in the temples of the Nation of Islam. In his ''The Autobiography of Malcolm X'', activist Malcolm X claimed to have founded the newspaper, but this has not been independently confirmed. According to the current Nation of Islam, Malcolm X helped create ''Mr. Muhammad Speaks'', a different newspaper distributed locally in New York City. It is also believed that Jabir Herbert Muhammad had a hand in starting the paper also.
In addition to NOI-based ventures, Elijah Muhammad had used the nation's African-American press to publicize the organization and his views. In the 1950s his regular column in the ''Pittsburgh Courier'', at the time the nation's largest black-owned newspaper, generated more letters to the editor than any other feature in the newspaper.〔Mattias Gardell, ''In the Name of Elijah Muhammad'', Duke University Press 1996〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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